Introduction

The hedgehog most commonly kept in captivity is the African Pygmy Hedgehog. This hedgehog is nocturnal, quiet, and friendly when properly socialized from a young age. The following are some qualities and fun facts:

On the average, the hedgehog's lifespan is 3 - 5 years, although up to 10 years has been recorded.

Vocalizations include a hiss, which the hedgehog makes when frightened. Additionally, the hedgehog rolls up into a ball when frightened, puffing and hissing, which can be quite startling.

"Anting" is a normal behavior: the hedgehog licks its side repeatedly, producing a frothy saliva.

Body weights: adult male = 500 – 600 grams; adult female = 250 – 400 grams.

Temperature = 97 - 99 F

Reach sexual maturity > 2 months.

Husbandry

Diet/dietary requirements

A most crucial part of maintaining the hedgehog. Commercial diets are in development; otherwise there are a number of recommended diets for hedgehogs that are based on zoo diets. One key component is to remember that hedgehogs are primarily insectivores/omnivores, not carnivores. Another is that hedgehogs in captivity are prone to obesity, which can prove fatal. Therefore, quantities must be limited, and exercise opportunities abundant.

Housing

Enclosures should be smooth-walled to prevent not only escape, but entrapment of little toes, feet and legs. Such entrapment could (and does) result in fractures and/or amputations of said parts.
The bedding should be or newspaper (recycled/pelleted/absorbable or shredded). Cedar is to be avoided. The bedding needs to be kept clean and dry.
Cage furniture may consist of a hide box/tunnel for burrowing. PVC piping makes an excellent tunnel and can be easily cleaned/disinfected. A solid wheel should also be provided for nocturnal exercise.
A litterpan is to be available; some place these on top of the housing, with a wide, safe ramp for access and exercise.
Optimal environmental temperature is 75 - 85 F.

Health Care

Annual physical exam with a review of husbandry and diet.
Fecal exam.
Baseline bloodwork and radiographs.
Toenail trims should be performed periodically, as needed.

Links

Association of Exotic Mammal Veterinarians - www.aemv.org